BMW's M47 diesel engine
The M47 represents BMW's entry into the modern diesel era. This 1995 cc 4-cylinder engine marked a major advancement by incorporating Common Rail direct injection, a revolutionary technology at the time. Thanks to a variable geometry turbocharger and sophisticated electronic management, it combines power and fuel efficiency, while meeting current environmental standards.
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Its architecture remains true to BMW's DNA, with a longitudinal layout that prioritizes mass balance and optimizes weight distribution. Its power output ranges from 116 to 163 horsepower, with generous torque between 280 and 340 Nm, ensuring a smooth and dynamic driving experience.
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Technical innovations of the M47:
- First and second generation Common Rail injection (up to 1600 bar)
- Robust cast iron block with aluminum cylinder head
- Chain drive for improved durability
- Variable geometry turbocharger for improved engine flexibility
Production years of the M47 engine
The M47 was introduced in 1998 and has evolved over time to meet environmental requirements and improve its performance. In 2001, BMW launched the M47TU (Technical Update) , an optimized version that benefits from increased injection pressure and improved thermal management. This update allows the engine to better meet emissions standards without sacrificing its reliability.
Production of the M47 continued until 2007, when it was replaced by the N47 engine, a more powerful evolution but one whose reliability would be more controversial.
Which BMW models are equipped with the M47 engine?
The M47 engine was used in a wide range of models, primarily the 1, 3, 5, and X3 Series . Here are a few of the iconic models:
| BMW model | Years | Versions | Power |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Series E87 | 2004-2007 | 118d / 120d | 122 - 163 hp |
| 3 Series E46 | 1998-2005 | 318d / 320d | 116 - 150 hp |
| 3 Series E90 | 2005-2007 | 318d / 320d | 122 - 163 hp |
| 5 Series E39 | 1999-2003 | 520d | 136 hp |
| 5 Series E60 | 2003-2007 | 520d | 163 hp |
| X3 E83 | 2004-2007 | 2.0d | 150 hp |
The reliability of the M47 engine: a diesel engine that can withstand anything?
The M47 enjoys an excellent reputation for reliability. Unlike its successor, the N47, it hasn't experienced any major chronic problems, and its components are built to last. With proper maintenance, it can easily exceed 300,000 km without any major issues.
Key factors in its longevity:
- Timing chain positioned at the front, facilitating maintenance
- Robust injection , with increased tolerance to fuel variations
- Cast iron engine block , guaranteeing better thermal and mechanical resistance
However, despite its qualities, some points deserve special attention to avoid costly repairs.
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Common problems with the M47 engine
1. Fragile rotary injection pump
The M47's Achilles' heel lies in its Bosch CP1 rotary injection pump on the first generation , which can show signs of wear after 200,000 km . A failure results in a loss of power, difficult starting, and sometimes jerking during acceleration.
2. Intake manifold failure
Swirl flaps can wear out over time and may break off, causing serious engine damage if they are drawn into the cylinders. Many owners choose to remove them preventively.
Differences between the M47 and N47 engines
In 2007, BMW introduced the N47 engine , successor to the M47, which adopted a more modern approach by incorporating a more efficient injection system and improved fuel economy. However, this modernization came with a major problem: the timing chain was positioned at the rear of the engine , making its replacement extremely expensive.
Points of comparison:
- Reliability: the M47 has the advantage thanks to its more robust design
- Performance: advantage to the N47 with power outputs up to 204 hp
- Maintenance: the M47 is simpler to maintain, especially for the timing belt
Conclusion: Is the M47 still an interesting engine in 2024?
The M47 engine remains one of the best diesel engines ever produced by BMW. It combines reliability, balanced performance, and reasonable maintenance costs, making it a very attractive option on the used car market. However, to fully benefit from it, it is crucial to choose a well-maintained example and to be aware of any known weaknesses.
